Disabled Women and Violence: Access to Justice Eliona Gjecaj skrifar 5. desember 2023 09:00 Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi. Viltu birta grein á Vísi? Sendu okkur póst. Senda grein 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi Kynferðisofbeldi Mest lesið Eignarhaldsfélag Ingu og hirðin hennar Davíð Bergmann Skoðun Opið bréf til Ingu Sæland Ragnar Erling Hermannsson Skoðun Agaleysi í íslenskum skólum - Kennarar þurfa valdið til baka Sigrún Ólöf Ingólfsdóttir Skoðun Svar við greininni „Lífsstílslæknar og samsæriskenningar um mettaða fitu“ Hópur lækna Skoðun Spurningar og svör um Evrópumál Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson Skoðun Rangfeðranir Sævar Þór Jónsson Skoðun Í skugga misvægis atkvæðanna Örn Sigurðsson Skoðun Lífsstílslæknar og samsæriskenningar um mettaða fitu Guðrún Nanna Egilsdóttir,Thor Aspelund,Jóhanna E. Torfadóttir Skoðun Er samþykki barna túlkunaratriði? Ólöf Tara Harðardóttir Skoðun Halldór 18.01.2025 Halldór Skoðun Skoðun Samtrygging verkalýðshreyfingar og samtaka atvinnulífsins í eftirlaunasjóðum launafólks Kári Jónsson skrifar Skoðun Húsnæði er forsenda bata Heiða Björg Hilmisdóttir skrifar Skoðun Eignarhaldsfélag Ingu og hirðin hennar Davíð Bergmann skrifar Skoðun Í skugga misvægis atkvæðanna Örn Sigurðsson skrifar Skoðun Spurningar og svör um Evrópumál Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson skrifar Skoðun Skýr sýn og metnaður Hákon Stefánsson skrifar Skoðun Er samþykki barna túlkunaratriði? Ólöf Tara Harðardóttir skrifar Skoðun Allir geta drukknað en enginn þarf að drukkna Hildur Vattnes Kristjánsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Agaleysi í íslenskum skólum - Kennarar þurfa valdið til baka Sigrún Ólöf Ingólfsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Svar við greininni „Lífsstílslæknar og samsæriskenningar um mettaða fitu“ Hópur lækna skrifar Skoðun Fjórar leiðir til að verða besta útgáfan af þér Sanna Magdalena Mörtudóttir skrifar Skoðun Ferðalag sálna Matthildur Björnsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Ekkert samráð – ekkert traust Björg Eva Erlendsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Viðreisn, Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn og fátæka fólkið Yngvi Ómar Sighvatsson ,Jón Ferdínand Estherarson skrifar Skoðun Að vera með BRCA-stökkbreytingu Brynja Rún Sævarsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Opið bréf til foreldra í Stakkaborg Jónína Einarsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Rammaáætlun og Hvammsvirkjun: Heimilt en ekki skylt Mörður Árnason skrifar Skoðun Hvernig þjóð viljum við vera? Sigrún Lilja Guðbjörnsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Meiri rökræður, minni áróður: Borgaraþing fyrir þjóðaratkvæðagreiðslu um ESB-aðild Valgerður Björk Pálsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Opið bréf til Ingu Sæland Ragnar Erling Hermannsson skrifar Skoðun Atvinnuþátttaka kvenna og karla Sigríður Ingibjörg Ingadóttir,Steinunn Bragadóttir skrifar Skoðun Mannekla á leikskólum Rakel Björk Benediktsdóttir Borg,Margrét Edda Gnarr,Hannes Daði Haraldsson skrifar Skoðun Tillaga um endurskoðun á virðisaukaskattskerfi deilihagkerfisins Þórir Garðarsson skrifar Skoðun Heimur hins sterka og óvissan framundan Hilmar Þór Hilmarsson skrifar Skoðun Umsögn um breytingar á ýmsum lögum vegna einföldunar og samræmingar leyfisferla á sviði umhverfis- og orkumála Erla Björk Þorgeirsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Viðhorf Leifur Helgi Konráðsson skrifar Skoðun Emma Lazarus og Frelsisstyttan Atli Harðarson skrifar Skoðun Rétt tímasetning skiptir öllu máli Ole Anton Bieltvedt skrifar Skoðun Lífsstílslæknar og samsæriskenningar um mettaða fitu Guðrún Nanna Egilsdóttir,Thor Aspelund,Jóhanna E. Torfadóttir skrifar Skoðun Sjálfræðissvipting þjóðar Ægir Örn Arnarson skrifar Sjá meira
Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi.
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